Eradication Therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis

Background: No prospective study has assessed eradication treatment of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonisation in bronchiectasis not due to cystic fibrosis (CF). Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of 3 months of nebulised tobramycin after a short course of intravenous antibiotics in the eradication of P. aeruginosa and its clinical consequences in nonCF bronchiectasis following initial P. aeruginosa infection. Methods: A 15-month, single-masked, randomised study including 35 patients was conducted in a tertiary university hospital. Following the isolation of P. aeruginosa and a 14day intravenous treatment with ceftazidime and tobramycin, patients received 300 mg nebulised tobramycin twice daily or placebo during 3 months, and were followed up for 12 months thereafter. Results: The median time to recurrence of P. aeruginosa infection was higher in the tobramycin than in the placebo group (p = 0.048, log-rank test). At the end of the study 54.5% of the patients were free of P. aerugiReceived: December 29, 2014 Accepted after revision: July 6, 2015 Published online: September 5, 2015 Dr. Ramon Orriols Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari de Girona Dr. Josep Trueta Avinguda de França, s/n ES–17007 Girona, Catalonia (Spain) E-Mail raorriols.girona.ics @ gencat.cat © 2015 S. Karger AG, Basel 0025–7931/15/0904–0299$39.50/0 www.karger.com/res EU Clinical Trial Register No. 2005-005820-15.